chapter3

鏄湪瀛︽牎绀煎爞杩涜鍛ㄥ勾搴嗙殑锛屼粬浠幓寰楁棭锛屽潗鍦ㄤ簡涓棿闈犲墠鐨勪綅缃傚墠闈㈢殑浣嶇疆閮芥槸闈爐itle銆佸悕鍒┿侀噸瑕佹т负鏉冮噸鎺掑ソ鐨勩?br />

濂逛滑鍒氬潗涓嬩竴浼氾紝閽熸竻鎵撳紑鎵嬫満鍒蜂竴浼氾紝璁稿瘨鎺ㄦ悺鐫濂癸紝璁╁ス鐪嬪彸杈硅蛋杩囩殑鑻忔槗銆?br />

閽熸竻鐪簡鐪溂锛屽叾瀹炲緢闄岀敓浜嗭紝鐗╂槸浜洪潪锛岄潰鐩搁殢鐫蹇冩с侀槄鍘嗚屽彉锛屼笁骞翠竴灏忓彉锛屼竷骞翠竴澶у彉銆傛晱鎰熺殑浜猴紝鐬т竴鐪硷紝渚胯兘浠庡鏂圭殑涓瑷涓琛屼腑鎺ㄦ暡鍑烘ф牸銆?br />

鑻忔槗韬潃瑗胯锛屼笌鍓嶆帓鐨勯瀵间滑涓嶅崙涓嶄孩鍦版墦鐫鎷涘懠锛岃繛绗簩鎺掔殑鑰佹暀甯堬紝浠栭兘鎭暚鍦颁笂鍘诲彨澹拌佸笀濂姐傞棽鑱婁篃濂斤紝璋堟浜嬩篃缃紝璇磋瘽鍋氫簨婊存按涓嶆紡锛屾槸鐪熻瘹锛熻繕鏄笘鏁呭渾婊戯紵

浜洪檰闄嗙画缁潵浜嗭紝杩樿兘鍚埌鍚庢帓鐨勯珮涓敓锛屽湪婵鍔ㄧ殑鑺辩棿銆?br />

鈥滈偅涓┛榛戣壊瑗胯姝ｅ湪鍜屾牎闀胯璇濈殑灏辨槸鑻忔槗瀛﹂暱锛屼粬鐪熺殑濂藉竻鍟娿傗?br />

鈥滀竴浼氭兂鍘绘壘浠栧悎鐓ц锛屼粬浼氫笉浼氭嫆缁濄傗?br />

璁稿瘨鍚簡鍚戦挓娓呯湪鐪ㄧ溂锛屸滄垜浠兘娌℃湁鍜屼粬鍚堢収杩囥傗?br />

鈥滀綘鏈夎繃銆傗濋挓娓呬竴鏈缁忋?br />

璁稿瘨鎯婅锛屸滈毦閬擄紝鎴戝拰浠栬繕鏈夎繃闅愮銆佺浜虹殑鍚堢収鍚楋紵锛熲濆ス寮濮嬫诞鎯宠仈缈╋紝鍒板簳鏄粈涔堟椂鍊欐湁杩囨媿鐓у憿锛熼毦閬撹繕鏈変笉涓轰汉鐭ョ殑浠栧叾瀹炴殫鎭嬫垜鐨勬晠浜嬪悧锛?br />

鈥滄瘯涓氬悎鐓с傗濆ス涓瀛椾竴鍙ュ悙鍑烘潵銆?br />

鈥滈潬锛屾粴銆傗?br />

杩欑鍏哥ぜ锛屽紑澶存绘槸棰嗗浠啑闀跨殑璁茶瘽锛岀瀛愬崄鍒嗛暱锛屽満闈㈣瘽濡傝溅杞辫緲涓鏍锋涓嶄綇銆?br />

閽熸竻鏄ㄥぉ鍙堢啲澶滀簡锛屽師鏈浠婂ぉ鍋氱殑缈昏瘧绉佹椿锛屽ス寰楃啲澶滃仛瀹屻傝汉鍦ㄨ垝閫傜殑娌欏彂搴ф涓婏紝鏄忔槒娌夋矇锛屽彧瑙夌溂鐨秺鏉ヨ秺閲嶏紝鍦ㄥ彴涓婇瀵煎洓骞冲叓绋崇殑澹扮嚎涓紝缁堜簬鐫′簡杩囧幓銆?br />

鐫″緱杩疯糠绯婄硦锛屽惉鍒颁竴闃垫帉澹帮紝鐬岀潯铏繕鍦紝濂硅糠杩风硦绯婂惉鐫涔熸病鐫佸紑鐪硷紝铏界劧杩欏０闊虫尯濂藉惉鐨勶紝浣嗗ス瀹炲湪鏄潄涓嶅紑鐪肩潧銆?br />

缁堜簬琚惖閱掓椂鏄竴闃靛崄鍒嗙儹鐑堢殑鎺屽０锛屽ス涓涓嬪瓙琚悡閱掍簡锛岀潄寮鐪硷紝鐪嬪埌鍙颁笂鏄嫃鏄擄紝閭ｄ竴鍒癸紝浠栫溂绁炴壂杩囧ス鐨勬柟鍚戯紝閽熸竻涓鎸紝涔熻窡鐫鎷嶆墜銆?br />

鍘熸潵鏄鑷崇簿褰╁锛屽彴涓嬪鐢熻捣鍝勫紡鍦伴紦鎺屻傞挓娓呯紦杩囦簡绁烇紝涔熷紑濮嬭鐪熷惉鐫浠栫殑婕旇銆?br />

杈瑰惉杈规兂锛屼粬鐨勪汉鐢燂紝鏃犵枒灏辨槸涓栦織鐪间腑鐨勪汉鐢熻耽瀹躲傚浗鍐呮湰绉憈op绾у埆锛岀編鍥藉悕鏍＄澹紝鍥炲浗鍚庡垱涓氾紝浠栫殑绉戞妧鍏徃锛屽凡缁忎笟鍐呭皬鏈夊悕姘斻備篃濡備粬鍒氬垰鍦ㄨ鐨勶紝鍋氫竴浠戒簨涓氾紝涓嶅厜璁╀粬婊¤冻浜嗙墿璐ㄤ笂鐨勯渶姹傦紝涔熸湁绮剧涓婄殑杩芥眰锛屼袱鑰呯己涓涓嶅彲銆?br />

浠栫殑浜虹敓锛屾鏄鍗庢鑼傦紝椴滆。鎬掗┈锛屽仛鐫鏀瑰彉涓栫晫鐨勪簨銆?br />

鍏跺疄锛岄挓娓呮湁娆ｈ祻锛屼絾娌℃湁缇℃厱銆傚綋宸窛澶繃鎮畩锛屽張瀵硅嚜韬眬闄愭ф湁鐫鏄庣‘鐨勮鐭ュ悗锛屾槸涓嶄細鍘荤粰鑷繁鍋囨兂浜嗭紝濂逛笉鐭ラ亾锛岃繖鏄笉鏄彨锛岃鍛姐?br />

鑻忔槗鐨勬渶鍚庝竴鍙ユ槸锛屸滃勾杞讳汉锛屾湭鏉ユ槸浣犱滑鐨勩傗?br />

杩欎竴鍙ュ惉寰楀彴涓嬮珮涓敓鐑偑娌歌吘锛屾帉澹板闆凤紝浼兼槸韪岃簢婊″織锛屾懇鎷虫摝鎺屻?br />

鍏哥ぜ缁撴潫锛岄挓娓呭拰璁稿瘨鍘熸湰瑕佸幓鏍″洯閲岄涗竴鍦堬紝缁撴灉鏉庡博鍙戜簡淇℃伅缁欒瀵掞紝璁╀粬淇╃瓑绛変粬锛屾潕宀╂槸楂樹腑浠栦咯鐨勫悗妗岋紝浠栦滑鍏崇郴涓鍚戞尯濂斤紝灏辨槸閽熸竻涓庝粬璁镐箙鏈浜嗐?br />

绀煎爞鍓嶉潰宸茬粡鎸ゆ弧浜嗕汉锛岄兘鏄竴缇ゅ皬灞佸瑕佸幓璺熻嫃鏄撹璇濆悎鐓э紝浠栭瓍鍔涢氬悆鐢峰コ銆傚ス淇╁珜绀煎爞閲岄椃姘旓紝灏辫蛋鍑轰簡绀煎爞锛屽氨鍦ㄥ闈㈠巺鍫傜殑涓涓钀介噷绛夋潕宀┿?br />

鈥滃叾瀹烇紝濡傛灉鏄珮涓殑鎴戯紝鍚埌涓鍙ワ紝鏈潵鏄綘浠殑锛屼